| Index | Marathon | New York | National |
| Average Test Scores | 41% | 56% | 48% |
| Student/Teacher ratio | n/a | n/a | 16:1 |
| Total public schools | 2 | 4,060 | 79,221 |
| Total private schools | 1 | 1,092 | 24,874 |
| Total post-secondary schools | n/a | 483 | 7,963 |

| Index | Marathon | New York | National |
| Completed 8th grade | 85.8% | 83.5% | 84.3% |
| Completed high school | 84.6% | 82.1% | 83.0% |
| Completed some college | 48.0% | 59.5% | 59.4% |
| Completed associate degree | 29.9% | 43.4% | 38.5% |
| Completed bachelors | 11.6% | 34.7% | 30.3% |
| Completed masters | 4.8% | 15.1% | 11.5% |
| Completed professional degree | 2.2% | 4.2% | 3.3% |
| Completed doctorate | 1.4% | 1.5% | 1.3% |
There are a total of 2 public schools, 1 private schools and n/a post-secondary schools in Marathon. Using the proficiency score averages, the average test scores for Marathon, NY schools is 41%. The average student to teacher ratio is n/a. In Marathon, NY, an average of 85.8% of students have completed 8th grade and an average of 84.6% have completed high school.
| City | Population | Avg. Test Scores | National Avg. |
| Greene, NY | 1,560 | 62% | 29.9% |
| Homer, NY | 3,205 | 59% | 22.9% |
| Whitney Point, NY | 1,096 | 58% | 21.2% |
| Dryden, NY | 2,184 | 55% | 14.2% |
| McGraw, NY | 1,173 | 50% | 3.1% |
| Marathon, NY | 1,080 | 41% | 15.6% |
| City | Population | Avg. Test Scores | National Avg. |
| Argenta, IL | 1,080 | 21% | 56.8% |
| McAdenville, NC | 1,080 | 40% | 17.7% |
| Carson City, MI | 1,080 | 41% | 15.6% |
| Athens, MI | 1,080 | 35% | 28.1% |
| Absarokee, MT | 1,080 | 37% | 24.0% |
| Marathon, NY | 1,080 | 41% | 15.6% |