| Index | Castleton-on-Hudson | New York | National |
| Average Test Scores | 54% | 56% | 48% |
| Student/Teacher ratio | n/a | n/a | 16:1 |
| Total public schools | n/a | 4,060 | 79,221 |
| Total private schools | n/a | 1,092 | 24,874 |
| Total post-secondary schools | n/a | 483 | 7,963 |


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| Index | Castleton-on-Hudson | New York | National |
| Completed 8th grade | 92.0% | 83.5% | 84.3% |
| Completed high school | 91.5% | 82.1% | 83.0% |
| Completed some college | 67.6% | 59.5% | 59.4% |
| Completed associate degree | 48.6% | 43.4% | 38.5% |
| Completed bachelors | 38.5% | 34.7% | 30.3% |
| Completed masters | 16.6% | 15.1% | 11.5% |
| Completed professional degree | 4.1% | 4.2% | 3.3% |
| Completed doctorate | 2.5% | 1.5% | 1.3% |
There are a total of n/a public schools, n/a private schools and n/a post-secondary schools in Castleton-on-Hudson. Using the proficiency score averages, the average test scores for Castleton-on-Hudson, NY schools is 54%. The average student to teacher ratio is n/a. In Castleton-on-Hudson, NY, an average of 92.0% of students have completed 8th grade and an average of 91.5% have completed high school.
| City | Population | Avg. Test Scores | National Avg. |
| Voorheesville, NY | 2,868 | 78% | 63.2% |
| East Greenbush, NY | 6,505 | 74% | 54.5% |
| Averill Park, NY | 1,508 | 74% | 53.8% |
| Valatie, NY | 1,568 | 68% | 42.4% |
| Ravena, NY | 3,257 | 67% | 39.6% |
| Castleton-on-Hudson, NY | 1,529 | 54% | 12.5% |
| City | Population | Avg. Test Scores | National Avg. |
| Durand, IL | 1,529 | 30% | 36.7% |
| Cowan, TN | 1,529 | 27% | 44.3% |
| Crane, MO | 1,528 | 31% | 35.9% |
| Hinckley, MN | 1,530 | 34% | 29.2% |
| Colma, CA | 1,528 | 38% | 20.8% |
| Castleton-on-Hudson, NY | 1,529 | 54% | 12.5% |